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Most Common Types of Thyroid Cancer Explained Simply

Thyroid cancer is one of the fastest-rising cancers worldwide, yet it remains highly treatable when detected early. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of the neck, playing a vital role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and hormone balance. Any abnormal growth or persistent neck swelling should never be ignored and must be evaluated by an experienced ENT doctor in Gurgaon.

Specialists such as Dr Manish Prakash, a trusted name in ENT Gurgaon, help diagnose and manage thyroid conditions with precision and care.

What Is Thyroid Cancer?

Thyroid cancer occurs when abnormal cells begin growing uncontrollably in the thyroid gland. While many thyroid nodules are benign, some may be cancerous and require timely treatment. Early diagnosis by a throat specialist in Gurgaon significantly improves outcomes.

Most Common Types of Thyroid Cancer

Understanding the different types of thyroid cancer helps patients make informed decisions and reduces fear associated with the diagnosis.

1. Papillary Thyroid Cancer (Most Common)

Papillary thyroid cancer accounts for nearly 80% of all thyroid cancer cases. It grows slowly and is highly treatable, especially when detected early.

Key Features:

  • Common in younger adults and women

     
  • Often spreads to nearby lymph nodes.

     
  • Excellent survival rate with timely treatment

     

Patients often notice a painless lump in the neck. An early consultation with a Best ENT doctor near me in Gurgaon ensures accurate diagnosis and prompt care.

2. Follicular Thyroid Cancer

This is the second most common type and tends to affect middle-aged and older adults.

Key Features:

  • It can spread to the lungs or bones if untreated
  • Slightly more aggressive than papillary cancer
  • Still has a high cure rate when detected early.

Evaluation by an experienced ENT doctor in Gurgaon is essential for correct staging and treatment planning.

3. Medullary Thyroid Cancer

Medullary thyroid cancer is less common and originates from C-cells of the thyroid, which produce calcitonin.

Key Features:

  • Maybe hereditary
  • It can occur at a younger age.
  • Requires specialised testing and monitoring

Patients with a family history of thyroid disorders should consult ENT Gurgaon experts like Dr Manish Prakash for early screening.

4. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (Rare but Aggressive)

This is the rarest and most aggressive form of thyroid cancer.

Key Features:

  • Rapid growth
  • Usually affects older adults.
  • Requires immediate and aggressive treatment

Early symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or breathing issues—making prompt evaluation by a throat specialist in Gurgaon critical.

Common Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer

Not all thyroid cancers cause symptoms initially, but warning signs include:

  • Painless lump or swelling in the neck
  • Hoarseness or voice changes
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Persistent throat discomfort
  • Enlarged neck lymph nodes

Any of these signs warrants immediate assessment by a Best ENT doctor near me in Gurgaon.

How Is Thyroid Cancer Diagnosed?

Diagnosis typically involves:

  • Physical examination of the neck

     
  • Ultrasound imaging

     
  • Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAC)

     
  • Blood tests and advanced imaging when required

     

At ENT Gurgaon, specialists like Dr Manish Prakash follow evidence-based diagnostic protocols to ensure accuracy and early detection.

Treatment Options for Thyroid Cancer

Treatment depends on the type and stage of cancer.

1. Surgery

The most common treatment involves partial or total removal of the thyroid gland. Surgery is safe and highly effective when performed by an experienced ENT doctor in Gurgaon.

2. Radioactive Iodine Therapy

Used after surgery to destroy remaining thyroid tissue or cancer cells.

3. Hormone Therapy

Patients may require lifelong thyroid hormone replacement to maintain normal body function.

4. Targeted Therapy or Radiation

Used in advanced or aggressive cases under specialist supervision.

Why Early ENT Consultation Matters

Thyroid cancer has one of the highest cure rates among cancers, especially when diagnosed early. Regular check-ups and prompt evaluation of neck lumps by a throat specialist in Gurgaon can be life-saving.

Dr Manish Prakash, a leading expert in ENT Gurgaon, combines clinical expertise with advanced diagnostic tools to provide comprehensive thyroid care.

Final Thoughts

Thyroid cancer may sound alarming, but most types are highly manageable with early diagnosis and proper treatment. Awareness, timely medical attention, and guidance from a trusted ENT doctor in Gurgaon make all the difference. If you notice any unusual neck swelling or throat symptoms, do not delay—early care ensures better outcomes and peace of mind.